Il brigantaggio nella Marsica e nel Cicolano.
Rapporti con il sanguinario Candido Vulpiani. La lotta contro il brigantaggio.
Our people chose the road banditry MicrosoftMicrosoft forced by poor living conditions where they were, and political reasons, disliked those who had delivered them (the Piedmont) and were in favor of someone who always had oppressed them (the Bourbons), and then sided with the Restoration and in this aspiration were supported by the faithful Bourbon and even if not openly, the Papal States that he preferred the Piedmontese Bourbons (who preached the unity of Italy, and the abolition of the Papal State). Historians have given many interpretations of the reasons for and because of banditry, I stop here, and I tell you with the help of documents the story of one of these many robbers who operated in the circulation and in Marsica: Berardo Viola. The character of the novel "Fontamara" Ignazio Silone, Berardo Viola, was none other than the grandson of the robber.
Berardo's mother, the novel is about an old family curse, "God wants robber. It 's the fate of Viola." Among the peasants Fontamara was heard: "What will end up like his grandfather, the famous bandit Viola, Viola Berado So not only existed in the imagination of the writer pescinese, but also in reality or Berardino Berardo Viola Viola Taglieti, born November 24, 1838 Vallesecca at the border between the Marsi and Cicolano, by Father Angelo guard and customs from the mother spinner Marianna Rossetti. Young enlisted among the National Guards, and was made a 'brutal repression in Fiamignano, where the people rebelled because of hunger and injustice, he deserted and went with the rebels. Thus began a career as a robber of our Berardino who was so involved in the new "job" which quickly became one of the "best". In 1862, the robber stabbed to death Berardino Colombo, later participated in the looting of Pagliara, he took as a trophy of the "triumph" the head of a caretaker Vallecupola skewered on a crude spear. In the months that followed established a relationship "work" with the bloodthirsty bandit Candido Vulpiani, the association led to many killings and robberies in the Cicada, and the Marsi in the bush. Soon, however, this relationship ended, our Berardino fact during one of the many quarrels with the Vulpiani wounded him to death.
Berardo In 1865 he was arrested but was not executed, because he had become the first-repentant robber. On February 26, 1866 is locked up in prison in Tivoli, with colleague Micarelli Achilles, so we read in an extradition request from the Attorney General of the Court of Appeal of Aquila, a few months later, on 23 September 1866 the application for extradition is dismissed from the Papal State. In a manifesto of the Prefecture of the province of Abruzzo Additional 2nd (L'Aquila), the ruler G. Coffaro dated November 26, 1866, published the results in the fight against banditry, listing the robbers arrested were set up and also checked with their respective sizes, among the names there is also Viola Berard, listed as prisoners awaiting trial . Del18 with a letter in May 1867, the Minister of the Interior, informed the Prefect of the Eagle that the steamer "Earl Boniacchi" were arrested in April in Marseille, along with the ringleaders Antonio Cozzolino said Pilone, Mary Carmine Crocco and Donatello said Berardino Viola, other individuals with papal passport under the name of Firicano Dominic Spera Giovanni, Satalmi Nicola, Pasca Antonio, Pizzoni Ferdinando, Piccirilli Luigi e Mazzero Giuseppe. Quindi se Berardino il 26 Febbraio 1866 risulta rinchiuso nel carcere di Tivoli e il 18 maggio 1867 si attesta che è stato arrestato in aprile, risulta evidente che era stato scarcerato oppure era evaso.
Nuove incursioni sanguinarie in Avezzano, Petrella Salto, nel Rovetano e nella Marsica segnano i periodi di libertà tra un'arresto ed una scarcerazione (o evasione). Viene nuovamente arrestato nel maggio del 1868 e in una lettera del 29 luglio che il Prefetto dell'Aquila invia al Ministero dell'Interno, Segretariato generale di Firenze, così si legge, insieme al numero dei componenti della banda Viola (N06 cells) to describe the characteristics of the head band Berardino Viola, age 29, stature, body fair, brown hair, brown eyebrows, brown eyes. In its reply of 23 August 1868, the Minister announced that the "Viola racking presently detained for charges of robbery, in the prisons of the Baths of Diocletian and the other two Crocco Pilone, we know only that the Pontifical decanting. The Government is working to obtain the extradition, but has reason to doubt the outcome in favor of its practices, at least for now, having no right to demand otherwise than in official channels, since the three-band leaders such as these are considered political compromises. " The letter concludes with the provisions to be adopted at the borders of the kingdom with the Papal States to stop the robbers in the case of entry. The sub-prefect of Cittaducale a letter to the Prefect of the Eagle 23. 11. 1868 states that as the attached letter from the mayor of Petrella Salto, the notorious gang leader Viola, currently in prison in Rome to ask to form our authorities. In response, the Prefect approved the request on a personal level, but does not guarantee ere be borrowed at the constitutional level, however, undertakes to grant him safe conduct to the process and then prepare a report to the Government asking for clemency for the sovereign Viola, but perhaps not persuaded by Berardo response.
On March 6, 1869, together with Antonio Cozzolino said Pilone escapes from prison in Rome, do! The letter, the Prefect of Naples to the Prefects of the Eagle, Grosseto, Perugia, the official in Avezzano and Cittaducale informs Viola that he was injured during the escape . Robbery, murder, harassment, assault mark this flight. Was arrested again and imprisoned in the Papal States March 30, 1869, his friend managed to escape even if Prop with a broken leg. Among denials, affirmations and visions of the Viola, you know for sure until the end of 1869 and 1870 is locked up in prison Pontifical Palermo. This year we lose track of Berardino Viola in official documents. You will enter the history written in the news historians and everything is easily debatable.
Of course I can also say that Berardino Viola has been and will remain a robber "Good" (although in some circumstances, it was cruel and barbaric, it was the "job" or the "Company"). Since its first appearance (as deserter) helps the people against their oppressors, tyrants and this will always be grateful to him (hiding and helping).
Wipe the bowl or a robber of the people by the people. He in his raids and robberies, he liked to sign his "work" with a flower "viola" and a holy card with the image of S. Berard (Berard Viola). And so I leave it to remember: Brigante - Death and destruction the viola - and death nature santina - repentance and desire to change their lives.
REFERENCES 1) State Archives-Eagle Envelopes various acts of the Cabinet and various issues on banditry.
2) Archive Diocletian Gardens Pescina-Folder No. 5 and various issues on the robber Berardo Viola.
3) L. Braccili-robbers stories abrurzesi-Ed.M. Ferri-AQ-1983.
4) Ignazio Silone-Fontamara-Ed. Rizzoli Bur-May 1989.
5) The Way We Were - 180011900 - The Centre - additional files.
Adapted from RADAR ABRUZZO
Fulvio D'Amore Il libro di Fulvio D’Amore, che segue una estesa letteratura sull’argomento “brigantaggio”, giunge in un momento storico in cui l’autore riesce ad individuare con una linea di interpretazione “forte” una più profonda verità su vicende già largamente note. Gli avvenimenti sono pressoché sconosciuti e rievocano, con dovizia di particolari inediti, le imprese memorabili di Berardino Viola, massimo rappresentante di quel ribellismo postunitario che la storia dei vincitori condannò alla criminalizzazione. Brossura, pag. 254 Stampato da Controcorrente order to www.raido.it 
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